Stressors

Stressors

RESIST mainly addresses the effects of three stressors:

Temperature

Increases in water temperature result from Climate Change that is impacting virtually all river sections worldwide to varying degrees and further exacerbated by riparian land uses such as the removal of riparian vegetation (Moore et al., 2005)

Salinization

Salinization of freshwaters is a global trend (Cañedo-Argüelles et al., 2013), caused by various human activities such as irrigation (Williams, 1999), fertilisation, salt and coal mining, road salt application and the discharge of treated and untreated waste water into rivers (Kefford, 1998; Schröder et al., 2015)

Hydromorphology

According to the most recent assessment of European waters (EEA, 2018), hydromorphological degradation is the most widespread stressor, affecting almost 60% of European river water bodies